While operating principles of transformers remain the same, the challenges of. Distribution voltages are typically medium voltage, between 2. Basic electrical technology lecturer nptel videos description notes by prof. This experience suggested there might be other people much like myselfoutside the power industry, but vitally concerned with it.
A transformer changes the voltage level or current level on its input winding to another value on its output winding using a magnetic field. Transformers and generators vtu notes pdf tg pdf vtu. Tap changing arrangement off circuit tap changing switch off circuit tap changing link on load tap changer two earthing terminals lifting lugs drain cum filter valve pressure relief device silica gel dehydrating breather. Transformer are the static electrical device which transmit the power at different voltage level at same frequency. Lower i means less power loss due to i2r losses in lines, cables, transformers, etc generator step up transformer i v step down transformer v i three phase transformers 3 singlephase units can form 3phase bank or single threephase transformer 3 separate cores in a single tank. The input for a distribution substation is typically at least two transmission or subtransmission lines. Transformers cannot pass dc voltages transformer saturates when. Pdf basic electrical engineering 1st year ebook, notes.
Lecture series on basic electrical technology by prof. Complicated distribution substations can be found in the downtown areas of large cities. Transformer and generators note pdf download lecturenotes for. Nptel electrical engineering electrical machines i. Inductors all circuits carry currents that necessarily produce magnetic fields and store magnetic energy. Basic transformer notes transformer alternating current scribd.
Steel itself is a conductor, and changing lines of magnetic flux also induce a voltage and current in this conductor. Department of eee svecw page 4 output of the instrument, which needs to be calibrated. A transformer has no moving parts and is a completely. Lower i means less power loss due to i2r losses in lines, cables, transformers, etc generator step up transformer i v step down transformer v i three phase transformers 3 singlephase units can form 3phase bank or. The transformer is a static device that transfers electrical energy from one electrical circuit to another electrical circuit through the medium of magnetic field and without a change in the frequency. Threephase voltages are raised or lowered by means of threephase transformers. In largescale system studies, even cantilever model becomes too complex.
Generally, aircore transformers are used when the voltage source has a high frequency above 20 khz. Transformer core the composition of a transformer core depends on voltage, current, and frequency. Transformer, mutual inductor, uses of transformers, construction of transformers, ideal transformer, complex mutual impedance of a transformer, ideal transformer as a multiplier for potential difference, ideal transformer as a multiplier for current, ideal transformer with a complex load, reflected impedances in equivalent circuits, shunt impedances in equivalent circuit. Distribution substations may also be the points of voltage regulation, although on long distribution circuits several kmmiles, voltage regulation equipment may also be installed along the line.
Ahmed threephase transformer a threephase system in used to generate and transmit electric power. Department of eee svecw page 5 the deflecting torque is responsible for the movement of the pointer in proportion to the value of the measurand. Umanand, principal research scientist, power electronics group, cedt, iisc bangalore for more detail. Here are the pdf lecture notes for the first year engineering subject basic electrical engineering. Ge 207electrical machines i part a singlephase transformer 2nd year comm. Electric power systems pennsylvania state university. Bee1101 1 st and 2 nd semester syallabus modulei 10 hours dc networks. Larger transformer use layered construction shown in the previous. The purpose of a transformer is to change electrical. We then use the information gleaned from relating the copper wire turns loss of a transformer to more accurately treat the case of an inductor which carries only ac currents in.
Lecture transformers 3 acknowledgmentthese handouts and lecture notes given in class are based on material from prof. The circuit diagram for such an application is given in fig. These notes are based in part on alternating current circuit theory by g. Perhaps the most familiar application today is for small electronic devices such as laptop computers. A transformer is an electrical device used to change the value of an alternating voltage. They are encountered daily, in industrial, commercial and domestic situations.
Not all lectures will have handouts, this table only provides handouts that are available electronically. Here the transformer is used to change the incoming mains voltage around 240 v in many countries, and 110v in many others to the required voltage to supply the equipment. Acknowledgmentthese handouts and lecture notes given in class are based on material from prof. This document is highly rated by electrical engineering ee students and has been viewed 628 times. Explore prime new internship new upload login register. Here you can download the transformers and generators vtu notes pdf tg pdf vtu of as per vtu syllabus. They vary in size from miniature units used in electronics to huge units used in power stations. Apr 09, 2020 transformer lecture notes edurev is made by best teachers of. Each of these materials is suitable for certain applications. Apr 02, 2008 lecture series on basic electrical technology by prof.
Introduction to transformers construction, working. This document is highly rated by students and has been viewed 241 times. Find materials for this course in the pages linked along the left. Lecture 34 high frequency transformers in part a we will focus on transformers and the relation between magnetic and electrical properties. All transformers rely on the principle of mutual inductance for their operation. Basic electrical engineering pdf notes bee pdf notes. The core, which makes a path for the magnetic flux. Chapter 2 transformers part 1 notes, electrical machines, electrical engineering.
It can be designed to step up or step down voltages and works on the magnetic induction principle. Here is an example in which current does not gives rise to the magnetic field. If you dont already have a viewer for pdf files, you can download the acrobat reader. Transients in rl, rc and rlc circuits with dc excitation. Nptel provides elearning through online web and video courses various streams.
Lecture 17 transformers in this lecture the following are introduced. The matter presented here is prepared by the author for their respective teaching assignments by referring the text books and reference books. Below we have list all the links as per the modules. A transformer consists of two coils of wire called windings, which are wound onto a common iron core. Many of the handouts will be in portable document format pdf. These are commonly used in applications where there is a need of ac voltage conversion from one voltage level to another. May 21, 2014 apr 09, 2020 transformer lecture notes edurev is made by best teachers of.
Download pdf of transformer and generators note offline reading, offline notes, free download in app, engineering class handwritten notes, exam notes. These notes has been made by me after watching nptel lectures given by dr. Thus, they measure the quantity in terms of their deflection, for which they are already calibrated. A transformer is one of the most common devices found in electrical system that links the circuits which are operating at different voltages. A transformer consists of two electrically isolated coils and operates on faradays principal of mutual induction, in which an emf is induced in the transformers secondary coil by the magnetic flux generated by the. Distribution substation a distribution substation transfers power from the transmission system to the distribution system of an area. Transformers vary considerably in construction, size and shape depending on their application. A transformer is an electrical device that transfers electrical energy between two or more circuits through electromagnetic induction. Some slides are taken from ali bazis presentations disclaimer these handouts only provide highlights and should not be used to replace the course textbook. Kirchhoffs laws, node and mesh analysis, deltastar and stardelta transformations. Transformers increase voltage, decreasing current in power systems. The transformer is a static device that transfers electrical energy from one electrical circuit to another electrical circuit through the medium of.
This pdf ebook notes on basic electrical engineering contains brief concise notes and will help you in your studies for your first year semester examination. It is provided by the different effects of electric current on which the operation of the given instrument depends. The principle parts of a transformer and their functions are. Thus every wire and circuit element generally has some inductance that may influence circuit behavior, particularly at higher frequencies. The transformer is a electrostatic device which is used to transfer electrical energy voltage or current from one circuit to another by mutual induction of two electric circuits without change in frequency, which is working under the principle of electromagnetic induction.
Umanand description about all chapters i consider this as lecture 2 meaning the first part the motivation as 1, the second part the course contents as 2 and the lecture 3 which will be of course the next hour. In other words, for a transformer there is no direct electrical connection between the two coil windings, thereby giving it the name also of an isolation transformer. A transformer consists of two electrically isolated coils and operates on faradays principal of mutual induction, in which an emf is induced in the transformers secondary coil by the magnetic flux generated by the voltages and currents flowing in the primary coil winding. Basic electrical and electronics engineering notes pdf. Commonly used core materials are air, soft iron, and steel. Distribution substations michigan technological university.
Lecture 6 ecen 45175517 stepup dcdc converter with isolation. Nevertheless, singlephase rectifiers are still in use both as lowpower standalone converters up to. If you dont already have a viewer for pdf files, you can download the foxit reader or download the acrobat reader. We have provided basic electrical and electronics of b.
In particular, if a coil rotates in the presence of a magnetic field, the induced emf varies sinusoidally with time and leads to an alternating current ac, and provides a source of ac. This section contains lecture notes in both pdf and powerpoint formats. Then to summarise this transformer basics tutorial. Consider the case of charging up a capacitor c which is connected to very long wires. Tech 1st year study materials and lecture notes for cse, ece, eee, it, mech, civil, ane, ae, pce and all other branches. Transformers are widely used in many applications in radio and electronics. Develop transformer equivalent circuits from opencircuit and short. In the case of the magnetic field we can see that our old amperes law can not be the whole story. Transformers have been used at powerplants since the inception of alternatingcurrent generation, a century ago.
Transformer construction a transformer consists of two windings coupled through a magnetic medium. A transformer is an electrical apparatus designed to convert alternating current from one voltage to another. Some of the slides include animations, which can be seen by viewing the powerpoint file as a slide show. Basic electrical engineering pdf free download links. Apr 21, 2020 chapter 2 transformers part 1 notes, electrical machines, electrical engineering electrical engineering ee notes edurev is made by best teachers of electrical engineering ee. In both core and shell type transformers, the laminations are cut in the form of l, e and i shape to avoid high reluctance at the joints. This basic electrical engineering notes pdf free download starts with the topics covering introduction to electrical engineering. Lecture notes basic electrical and electronics engineeringunit 1. Generally, the primary winding of a transformer is connected to the input voltage supply and converts or transforms the electrical power into a magnetic field. A transformer is a device that converts one ac voltage to another ac. One of their main applications is within mains power supplies. Download basic electrical and electronics engineering notes pdf. Transformer, mutual inductor, uses of transformers, construction of transformers, ideal transformer, complex mutual impedance of a transformer. The high voltage and low voltage windings are placed on top of each other and insulated by layers or tubes.
Voltampere rating transformer rating is specified as the product of voltage and current and called va rating. The two windings of the transformer are called high voltage winding and low voltage winding. Ip rating for electrical enclosure 11kv415v over head line specification as per rec abstract of national skip to content engineering interview questions,mcqs,objective questions,class notes,seminor topics,lab viva pdf free download. Basic transformer notes transformer alternating current.